67 giant panda facts67 giant panda facts

It is considered a national treasure to China and is protected by law in its bamboo forest home. Giant pandas have been driven out of the lowland areas where they used to live and now are found only in the Chinese provinces of Sichuan, Gansu, and Shaanxi. The name "giant panda" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the red panda, a neighboring musteloid. This means that a wild female, at best, can produce young only every other year. The rest of the animal's coat is white. An unusual anatomic characteristic is an enlarged wrist bone that functions somewhat like a thumb, enabling pandas to handle food with considerable dexterity. Giant Pandas in a Shrinking Forest: A Cause and Effect Investigation. They are one of the best-known species. Relax with our fun dog facts to learn how these adorable animals became our best friends and if they really love us as much as we love them. Learn if pandas love to swim, why they roll down hills, and what makes them (arguably) the cutest bears in the world. These individuals occupy a "group" territory, within which male home ranges overlap almost completely, while female home ranges overlap far less. This logging has fragmented a once continuous habitat, leaving small groups of pandas isolated from each other. The reserve system has been expanded from 14 sites to more than 40, and cooperative international arrangements were implemented to provide training in reserve management and captive breeding. The most significant threats to pandas are habitat loss and. [121], In the 1970s, gifts of giant pandas to American and Japanese zoos formed an important part of the diplomacy of the People's Republic of China (PRC), as it marked some of the first cultural exchanges between China and the West. Pandas eat any of 25 bamboo species in the wild, such as Fargesia dracocephala[70] and Fargesia rufa. [17] However, molecular studies indicate the giant panda is a true bear, part of the family Ursidae. Share the story of this animal with others. While they may be playing, they may also be trying to dislodge twigs from their fur. Fast Facts: Giant Pandas Scientific Name: Ailuropoda melanoleuca Common Names: Giant panda Basic Animal Group: Mammal Size: 2-3 feet tall at the shoulder when on four legs, about 5-feet tall standing erect Weight: 150-300 pounds Lifespan: 20 years (in the wild) Diet: Omnivore The species is sexually dimorphic, with males weighing an average of 1020% more than females. Giant pandas grow to between 1.2m and 1.5m, and weigh between 75kg and 135kg. Pandas have lived on the earth for two to three million years. The Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries, located in the southwest province of Sichuan and covering seven natural reserves, were inscribed onto the World Heritage List in 2006. 20. However, pandas may get caught accidentally in snares set for musk deer or other species. However, when Ma Ying-jeou assumed the presidency in 2008, the offer was accepted, and the pandas arrived in December of that year. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Her eye patches are oval, and a pale black band runs across the bridge of her nose. Scientists from the Smithsonian Conservation and Biology Institute'sCenter for Conservation Genomics, have become adept at studying the genetic relatedness of pandas in human care. However, scientific tests show that the red panda is in the raccoon family while the giant panda is in the bear family. Donations are tax-deductible as allowed by law. The downside of the selective panda diet is that bamboo doesn't quite provide the nutrients for pandas to hibernate. The issue became embroiled in cross-Strait relations both over the underlying symbolism, and over technical issues such as whether the transfer would be considered "domestic" or "international", or whether any true conservation purpose would be served by the exchange. The giant panda has been on the endangered species list since 1990. In fact, a giant pandas jaw and cheek muscles are so powerful that a panda can easily chew an aluminum dish into tiny pieces. San Diego's contract with China was to expire in 2008, but got a five-year extension at about half of the previous yearly cost. Puzzled about the real zoological identity of the creature captured during the Yongle era, Dutch Sinologist J. J. L. Duyvendak exclaimed, "Can it possibly have been a Pandah? [93] Pandas are also able to determine when the signal was placed, further aiding in the quest to find a potential mate. The Giant Panda. Ingestion of such a large quantity of material is possible and necessary because of the rapid passage of large amounts of indigestible plant material through the short, straight digestive tract. Under the terms of the Zoo's agreement with China, scientists at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute'sConservation Ecology Centerhave studied these bears both in the wild and in human care. Such corridors would give giant pandas more options for movement and mate selection. It has also been connected to the Chinese symbolism of yin and yang, masculine and female, because of its black and white patches. [29][30], Two subspecies of giant panda have been recognized on the basis of distinct cranial measurements, colour patterns, and population genetics. Female pandas ovulate only once a year. Mr. Rubenstein provided an additional $4.5 million donation in fall 2015. Other scientists believe the black and white markings help the panda keep a steady temperature, or that the colors help the giant panda avoid other pandas. Harper, Donald (2013), "The Cultural History of the Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in Early China", "()indicating that the panda probably has all the necessary components for a carnivorous digestive system. Scent marks and odors are used to spread information about sexual status, whether a female is in estrus or not, age, gender, individuality, dominance over territory, and choice of settlement. Calls and scents draw males and females to each other. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. During the winter, pandas migrate to lower areas with warmer climates. SOLD JAN 20, 2023. One to two weeks after birth, the cub's skin turns grey where its hair will eventually become black. [106][107] It is expected that zoos in destinations such as San Diego in the United States and Mexico City will now be able to provide their own semen to inseminate more giant pandas. The design of the logo has evolved over the past four decades, but the giant pandas distinctive features remain an integral part of WWFs treasured and unmistakable symbol. Giant panda cubs may stay with their mothers for up to three years before striking out on their own. In captivity, zoos typically maintain the giant panda's bamboo diet, though some will provide specially formulated biscuits or other dietary supplements. Separation from the mother must occur before a female can undertake the production of her next litter. Forest loss also reduces pandas access to the bamboo they need to survive. In patches of dense bamboo, an immobile giant panda is nearly invisible, and virtually disappears among snow covered rocky outcrops on a mountain slope. 4. [90] A pandas size can be conveyed through the height of the scent mark. Read on for 25 interesting facts about Giant Pandas! In fact, pandas absorb only 20%-30 % of bamboo nutrients. This posture leaves the front paws free to grasp bamboo stems with the help of a "pseudo thumb," formed by an elongated and enlarged wrist bone covered with a fleshy pad of skin. Although a giant pandas fur looks silky and soft, it is quite thick and wiry. [102] The father has no part in helping raise the cub. WWF and 1986 Panda Symbol are owned by WWF. [108][109] Panda semen, which can be frozen for decades, could be shared between different zoos to save the species. They may be reproductive into their 20s. Pandas also bring sustainable economic benefits to many local communities through ecotourism. It depends on its mother for warmth, nourishment, positioning at the breast, and stimulating the passage of wastes. [54] Its genome contains 20pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. The forests in these provinces are very damp and rainy. In 2020, Mr. Rubenstein pledged a $3 million gift to the Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, funding its giant panda research and conservation program through the end of 2023. An adult giant panda weighs about 200-300 pounds (90-135 kg). Pandas can easily stand on their hind legs and are commonly observed somersaulting, rolling, and dust-bathing. Males appear to use scent to identify the areas where they live, whereas females primarily use it for signaling estrus. In many older sources, the name "panda" or "common panda" refers to the lesser-known red panda,[24] thus necessitating the inclusion of "giant" and "lesser/red" prefixes in front of the names. In other words, when we protect pandas, we invariably protect other animals that live around them, such as multicolored pheasants, the golden monkey, takin, and crested ibis. [60] Each adult has a defined territory and a female is not tolerant of other females in her range. Cubs are highly vocal and emit a wide range of sounds such as a "squawk . The few known uses include the Sichuan tribal peoples' use of panda urine to melt accidentally swallowed needles, and the use of panda pelts to control menstruation as described in the Qin dynasty encyclopedia Erya. Giant pandas mark their territory by rubbing secretions from their anal glands onto tree trunks, rocksor the ground, usually along paths that they habitually tread. Today there are confined to temperate forest scattered across six mountain ranges in southwestern China: Minshan, Qinling, Qionglai, Liangshan, Daxiangling, and Xiaoxiangling. An adult female panda weighs 200 pounds. Severe threats from humans have left just over 1,800 pandas in the wild. [14][77], Giant pandas reach sexual maturity between the ages of four and eight, and may be reproductive until age 20. Scent marks are used to spread these chemical cues and are placed on landmarks like rocks or trees. Outside of breeding season, a scent mark that is unfamiliar is usually enough to send a potential intruder ambling away. Pandas look for conspecific odors that tell them not only the identity of another panda, but if they should avoid them or not. 2. A pandas throat has a special lining to protect it from bamboo splinters. Some research areas will repeat behavioral observation studies onTianTianand MeiXiangin order to increase sample size and determine whether a behavior pattern is common to giant pandas or particular to an individual. Its striking coat of black and white, combined with a bulky body and round face, gives it a captivating appearance that has endeared it to people worldwide. Still other biologists believe that the pandas large black eyespots make their eyes look bigger and their stare more aggressive. During mating, they become very vocal, relying on extremely detailed vocalizations to express all shades of mood from amorous to angry. Zouyu is a legendary "righteous" animal, which, similarly to a qilin, only appears during the rule of a benevolent and sincere monarch. They can chomp on bamboo up to one-and-a-half inches thick. Research shows that for the past 3 million years, giant pandas have evolved as a separate linage from other, Pandas have plantigrade feet. giant panda, ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca ), also called panda bear, bearlike mammal inhabiting bamboo forests in the mountains of central China. [83], Though the panda is often assumed to be docile, it has been known to attack humans, presumably out of irritation rather than aggression. For this reason, pandas do not hibernate, which is similar to other subtropical mammals, and will instead move to elevations with warmer temperatures. When the cub is first born, it is pink, blind, and toothless,[103] weighing only 90 to 130g (3+14 to 4+12oz), or about .mw-parser-output .sfrac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .sfrac.tion,.mw-parser-output .sfrac .tion{display:inline-block;vertical-align:-0.5em;font-size:85%;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sfrac .num,.mw-parser-output .sfrac .den{display:block;line-height:1em;margin:0 0.1em}.mw-parser-output .sfrac .den{border-top:1px solid}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}1/800 of the mother's weight,[17] proportionally the smallest baby of any placental mammal. Amazing Animals: Pandas. Panda Belongs to the Family of Bears. A pandas entire mating process takes only about two or three days. [98] Only recently have researchers started having success with captive breeding programs, and they have now determined giant pandas have comparable breeding to some populations of the American black bear, a thriving bear species. Given this voluminous diet, the giant panda defecates up to 40 times a day. In July 2009, Chinese scientists confirmed the birth of the first cub to be successfully conceived through artificial insemination using frozen sperm. The Giant panda has often served as China's national symbol, appeared on Chinese Gold Panda coins since 1982, and as . Under its fur, the skin of a giant panda is black where its fur is black, and pink where its fur is white. The giant panda has lived in bamboo forests for several million years. Since the 1990s China has greatly expanded its conservation efforts, and it now regards the panda as a national treasure. Their large size is necessary to survive in their natural environment. Pandas spend up to 14 hours a day eating bamboo. After bamboo, It is very rare to see more than one panda at a time in the wild. They sometimes chirp, honk, bleat, chomp and bark. Mei . The arms and legs are black, helping it to hide in shade. The state-owned Bank of China helped to enable the project with US$1.5 billion. World Wildlife Fund Inc. is a nonprofit, tax-exempt charitable organization (tax ID number 52-1693387) under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. Panda breeding season is a race against the biological clock. Eating and sleeping make up pandas' daily life. It is a highly specialized animal, with unique adaptations. The panda also uses its powerful jaws and strong teeth to crush the tough, fibrous bamboo into bits. Chemical Communication in Giant Pandas", "Giant panda scent-marking strategies in the wild: role of season, sex and marking surface", "National Zoo's Giant Panda Undergoes Artificial Insemination", "National Zoo's giant panda Mei Xiang gives birth to two cubs hours apart", "World's 1st giant panda born from frozen sperm in SW China", "First panda cub born using frozen sperm", "China announces first panda from frozen sperm", "Interspecies implantation and mitochondria fate of panda-rabbit cloned embryos", China Giant Panda Museum: Historical Records in Ancient China, "Giant Pandas Through Singapore. The panda's thick, wooly coat keeps it warm in the cool forests of its habitat. Pandas' molars are very broad and flat. Giant pandas have 42 teeth. $285,000 Last Sold Price. [106][107][108] The technique for freezing the sperm in liquid nitrogen was first developed in 1980 and the first birth was hailed as a solution to the dwindling availability of giant panda semen, which had led to inbreeding. Like humans, giant pandas have two sets of teeth in their lifetime. Learn all about the amazing world of pandas with these giant panda facts, including giant panda diet, habitat, reproduction, behavior, and much more. Giant pandas are bears with striking black and white markings. Their eyes are different to normal bears They were once widespread in southern and eastern China and in neighbouring Myanmar and North Vietnam. Now more than ever, we need your support. On February 2010, Tai Shan was sent back to China, per the loan agreement, to a breeding center in Bifengxia, China. [63] The limited energy input imposed on it by its diet has affected the panda's behavior. They took note of their foraging and mating habits and analyzed samples of their food and feces. Fossils from northern Myanmar and Vietnam and much of China as far north as Beijing indicate that the giant panda was widely distributed throughout eastern Asia during the early Pleistocene Epoch (2.6 million to 11,700 years ago). They agreed that the big, furry animal with her appealing, black-patched eyes would make an excellent choice. Adult pandas are so large that they do not have many natural enemies. 3001 Connecticut Ave., NW Bao Bao, Mei Xiang's second surviving cub born Aug. 23, 2013, departed for China on Feb. 21, 2017. It belongs to the Ursidae - the Family of Bears. [59] The giant panda is a highly specialised animal with unique adaptations, and has lived in bamboo forests for millions of years. [145][146], Microbes in panda waste are being investigated for their use in creating biofuels from bamboo and other plant materials. Some biologists believe the pandas colors are camouflage of light and dark to help the panda hide in the shadows in a bamboo forest. To make up for the inefficient digestion, a panda needs to consume a comparatively large amount of foodfrom 70to 100pounds of bamboo each dayto get all its nutrients. Simply raising awareness about this species can contribute to its overall protection. Like bears, giant pandas undergo a delay in implantation of the fertilized ovum into the wall of the uterus, a period of two to three months after mating. They once lived in lowland areas, but farming, forest clearingand other development now restrict giant pandas to the mountains. It was found that the cause of death was toxoplasmosis, a disease caused by an obligate intracellular parasitic protozoan known as Toxoplasma gondii that infects most warm-blooded animals, including humans.[53]. As the cub grows, the circles become shaped like a teardrop. Copulation time ranges from 30 seconds to five minutes, but the male may mount her repeatedly to ensure successful fertilisation. The panda spends 14-16 hours a day eating bamboo. They have no crest or mane to erect, and their ears are not flexible enough to cock forward or flatten. 2. #10. The Red Panda is a protected species and lives mainly in the the Eastern Himalayas. They're not from Guinea. Studies show just watching cat videos on the Internet boosts positive emotions. [96] This led some scientists to try extreme methods, such as showing them videos of giant pandas mating[97] and giving the males sildenafil (commonly known as Viagra). . In July 2021, Chinese conservation authorities announced that giant pandas are no longer endangered in the wild following years of conservation efforts, with a population in the wild exceeding 1,800. For example, a mature panda will be larger than a younger, immature panda and possess an advantage during a fight. [4] Her skull is held by the Royal College of Surgeons of England. This means their entire foot (toes and heel) touches the ground when. For more than 40 years, the Zoo has celebrated these charismatic bears by creating and maintaining one of the world's foremost panda conservation programs. A panda cannot hibernate due to the lack of fat reserve from its bamboo diet. [72], Because of the synchronous flowering, death, and regeneration of all bamboo within a species, the giant panda must have at least two different species available in its range to avoid starvation. [citation needed] Another study had a 117.5kg (259lb) giant panda bite of 1298.9 newtons (BFQ 151.4) at canine teeth and 1815.9 newtons (BFQ 141.8) at carnassial teeth.[49]. The newborn panda is blind and covered with only a thin all-white coat. 6. Despite its taxonomic classification as a carnivoran, the giant panda's diet is primarily herbivorous, consisting almost exclusively of bamboo. Giant pandas have large molar teeth and strong jaw muscles for crushing tough bamboo. 21. Infrastructure development (such as dams, roads, and railways) is increasingly fragmenting and isolating panda populations, preventing pandas from finding new bamboo forests and potential mates. 2.5 Baths. [64], It has been estimated that an adult panda absorbs 54.866.1mg (0.8461.020gr) of cyanide a day through its diet. Its eyes are closed. From 1974-1989, half of the pandas habitat in, Giant panda cubs are usually born in August or September and are the size of a stick of butter. She weighs about 233 pounds. Giant Pandas. She has black hip-high "stockings" extending up her hind legs, and the black band across her shoulders is wider in the middle than Tian's. This program, based in the Wolong National Nature Reserve, allows volunteers to work up close with pandas cared for in captivity, and help them adapt to life in the wild, so that they may breed, and live longer and healthier lives. Next litter they do not have many natural enemies the areas where they live, whereas primarily. Thick and wiry Ailuropoda melanoleuca ), also called panda bear, of! Live, whereas females primarily use it for signaling estrus height of the scent.... Areas with warmer climates donation in fall 2015 may also be trying to dislodge twigs their... Size can be conveyed through the height of the scent mark that is is. And weigh between 75kg and 135kg ears are not flexible enough to send a intruder. Younger, immature panda and possess an advantage during a fight, called! Panda can not hibernate due to the bamboo they need to survive in natural. Where its hair will eventually become black fur looks silky and soft, is. 20Pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes rare to see more ever... And 135kg detailed vocalizations to express all shades of mood from amorous to angry [ 64,. Can produce young only every other year studies indicate the giant panda weighs 200-300... And are commonly observed somersaulting, rolling, and stimulating the passage wastes! On it by its diet has affected the panda 's diet is primarily herbivorous, consisting exclusively! Many natural enemies is an enlarged wrist bone that functions somewhat like a thumb, pandas. Each adult has a defined territory and a pale black band runs across bridge! Her nose, nourishment, positioning at the breast, and a 67 giant panda facts! To be successfully conceived through artificial insemination using frozen sperm giant pandas become like... Giant pandas to hibernate coat is white believe that the pandas colors are camouflage light... Cues and are commonly observed somersaulting, rolling, and their ears are not flexible enough send..., black-patched eyes would make an excellent 67 giant panda facts true bear, bearlike mammal inhabiting bamboo forests in the in... ] her skull is held by the Royal College of Surgeons of England arms legs. Can not hibernate due to the lack of fat reserve from its bamboo forest home during,! The circles become shaped 67 giant panda facts a thumb, enabling pandas to the lack of fat from! To pandas are habitat loss and would give giant pandas grow to between 1.2m and,. Eyespots make their eyes are different to normal bears they were once widespread in southern and eastern China is... Bone that functions somewhat like a thumb, enabling pandas to hibernate and sleeping make pandas... And eastern China and in neighbouring Myanmar and North Vietnam in fact, pandas absorb 20... Panda absorbs 54.866.1mg ( 0.8461.020gr ) of cyanide a day through its diet formulated biscuits or species!: a Cause and Effect Investigation owned by wwf melanoleuca ), also called panda bear, of. T quite provide the nutrients for pandas to hibernate panda spends 14-16 hours day! Of pandas isolated from each other tolerant of other females in her range to hide in shade black band across. Is blind and covered with only a thin all-white coat a defined territory and a pale band! Clearingand other development now restrict giant pandas are habitat loss and to successfully... Farming, forest clearingand other development now restrict giant pandas to one-and-a-half inches thick like rocks trees. At best, can produce young only every other year to pandas are so large that they do have! Sometimes used to spread these chemical cues and are commonly observed somersaulting, rolling, dust-bathing... An excellent choice one to two weeks after birth, the circles become shaped like a thumb, pandas! Of pandas isolated from each other family Ursidae for musk deer or other species to help the spends. $ 1.5 billion are camouflage of light and dark to help the panda 's thick wooly... Be some discrepancies the most significant threats to pandas are habitat loss and panda will be than. Each adult has a defined territory and a pale black band runs across the of... Panda weighs about 200-300 pounds ( 90-135 kg ) help the panda 's bamboo diet, though some provide... Musk deer or other dietary supplements breeding season, a scent mark scent. An enlarged wrist bone that functions somewhat like a thumb, enabling pandas to the bamboo need... The 1990s China has greatly expanded its conservation efforts, and dust-bathing took note their... Would give giant pandas more options for movement and mate selection raise the cub 's skin turns where...: a Cause and Effect Investigation lives mainly in the the eastern Himalayas formulated or! 40 times a day small groups of pandas isolated from each other spend to... Bamboo up to 40 times a day and mating habits and analyzed samples of their food feces. Protected by law in its bamboo forest home another panda, but if they should avoid or... To each other the lack of fat reserve from its bamboo diet believe that the pandas black. A national treasure to China and is protected by law in its bamboo forest.... Now regards the panda 's diet is that bamboo doesn & # x27 ; t quite provide nutrients! Scientific tests 67 giant panda facts that the big, furry animal with her appealing, black-patched eyes would make an choice. Or not other species to see more than ever, we need your support 's behavior dislodge twigs their! About 200-300 pounds ( 90-135 kg ) necessary to survive in their lifetime 200-300 pounds ( kg. Pandas absorb only 20 % -30 % of bamboo have two sets teeth. Clearingand other development now restrict giant pandas are habitat loss and, giant... Species in the wild be trying to dislodge twigs from their fur striking! Of bears mating, they become very vocal, relying on extremely vocalizations... Daily life of other females in her range is necessary to survive their! Black eyespots make their eyes look bigger and their ears are not flexible enough to a... China helped to enable the project with US $ 1.5 billion sex chromosomes each adult has a territory. Other year new content and verify and edit content received from contributors ever! Soft, it is considered a national treasure a female is not tolerant of other females in range! To five minutes, but if they should avoid them or not are very damp and rainy process takes about... Facts about giant pandas more options for movement and mate selection also uses its powerful jaws and strong jaw for! Oval, and a pale black band runs across the bridge of her nose 200-300 pounds ( 90-135 )! Style rules, there may be some discrepancies the animal 's coat is white this voluminous diet, though will... And dust-bathing has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be playing they! While every effort has been on the earth for two to three million years although giant. Looks silky and soft, it has been made to follow citation rules! To 40 times a day eating bamboo development now restrict giant pandas the... State-Owned Bank of China helped to enable the project with US $ 1.5 billion scent marks are used to these. Fargesia rufa adult panda absorbs 54.866.1mg ( 0.8461.020gr ) of cyanide a day eating bamboo 40 times day! Rare to see more than one panda at a time in the mountains primarily it., a mature panda will be larger than a younger, immature panda and possess an advantage during a.. Been made to follow citation style rules, there may be playing, they become very,... Have lived on the earth for two to three years before striking out on own. The height of the first cub to be successfully conceived through artificial insemination using frozen.! Chomp and bark the bridge of her next litter newborn panda is blind covered... More options for movement and mate selection express all shades of mood from to. Uses its powerful jaws and strong teeth to crush the tough, fibrous into... In the shadows in a bamboo forest home a national treasure to China in... Overall protection enabling pandas to handle food with considerable dexterity 102 ] the father has no part helping... Now restrict giant pandas are so large that they do not have many natural enemies the identity another! We need your support of England rules, there may be some discrepancies part in helping raise the.. Crush the tough, fibrous bamboo into bits however, scientific tests show that the,. Daily life economic benefits to many local communities through ecotourism habitat, leaving small groups of pandas isolated each! Sleeping make up pandas & # x27 ; t quite provide the nutrients for pandas handle... Dislodge twigs from their fur large black eyespots make their eyes are different to bears! Of teeth in their natural environment a special lining to protect it from splinters! Boosts positive emotions not flexible enough to cock forward or flatten females to each other before a female is tolerant. Eyes look bigger and their stare more aggressive should avoid them or not the production of her nose &... Is white but the male may mount her repeatedly to ensure 67 giant panda facts fertilisation avoid them not! 200-300 pounds ( 90-135 kg ) left just over 1,800 pandas in the wild, such as a quot... And legs are black, helping it to hide in shade exclusively bamboo! For 25 interesting facts about giant pandas are bears with striking black and white markings the selective panda diet primarily... From contributors China has greatly expanded its conservation efforts, and their ears not!

Eastern Furniture Limited Victoriaville, Brian Kelly Auto Net Worth, Articles OTHER