Milk thistle ( Silybum marianum) is a medicinal plant that belongs to a large family of flowering plants (Asteraceae). Some medications that are changed by the liver include amitriptyline (Elavil), diazepam (Valium), zileuton (Zyflo), celecoxib (Celebrex), diclofenac (Voltaren), fluvastatin (Lescol), glipizide (Glucotrol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), irbesartan (Avapro), losartan (Cozaar), phenytoin (Dilantin), piroxicam (Feldene), tamoxifen (Nolvadex), tolbutamide (Tolinase), torsemide (Demadex), warfarin (Coumadin), and others. Milk thistle might increase how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. 20 It is possible to take too much, and liver toxicity has been observed in people with cancer taking silybin at very high doses (10 to 20 grams per day). Silymarin is believed to have antioxidant properties. 2010;50(4):434-449. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):11118. Medicine (Baltimore). Prog.Clin Biol Res 1986;213:319-331. View abstract. This is a somewhat high dose that can act as a natural liver detox. Fundam.Clin.Pharmacol. 2015 Feb 15;22(2):290-6. Two Flavonolignans from Milk Thistle (Silybum Marianum) Inhibit CYP2C9-Mediated Warfarin Metabolism at Clinically Achievable Concentrations. Lucena, M. I., Andrade, R. J., de la Cruz, J. P., Rodriguez-Mendizabal, M., Blanco, E., and Sanchez, de la Cuesta. Mirzaei N, Jahanian Sadatmahalleh S, Rouholamin S, Nasiri M. A randomized trial assessing the efficacy of Silymarin on endometrioma-related manifestations. 5. Its unclear what benefits, if any, it may have in the body, but its sometimes used as a natural treatment for things including cirrhosis, jaundice, hepatitis, and gallbladder disorders. Currently on it again due to intestinal/gallbladder issues that came back due to cheating on too much garbage food, but the shit works better than you can imagine. Am J Gastroenterol. Summary, Evidence Report/Technology Assessment: Number 21, September 2000. Scand J Gastroenterol 1982;17:517-21. 2008;5(4):665-671. People who have diabetes or endometriosis should check with a doctor before using milk thistle. Early research shows that taking milk thistle extract might reduce liver damage caused by low levels of oxygen in the blood. 2021 Oct;142:112024. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021. But taking milk thistle extract by mouth does not seem to prevent liver damage associated with the drug tacrine (Cognex) in people with. https://www.wolterskluwercdi.com/facts-comparisons-online/. Studies on cancer cell lines (done in the laboratory) have found that elements in milk thistle: Researchers also are looking at how milk thistle might complement traditional care and treatment in people diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancers. Evaluation of the efficacy of oral nano-silymarin formulation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. DiCenzo R, Shelton M, Jordan K, et al. View abstract. Eksp.Klin.Gastroenterol. Theres some evidence that milk thistle can treat cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis, which can be caused by alcohol abuse, autoimmune disease, or viruses. Basaga, H., Poli, G., Tekkaya, C., and Aras, I. Cavalieri S. A controlled clinical trial of Legalon in 40 patients. J Tradit Complement Med. Neoplasma. It's typically recommended to avoid taking multiple supplements for the same cause at the same time. It is possibly effective in diabetes and indigestion ( dyspepsia ). 2012;308(3):274-282. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265. A 2020 narrative review detailing silymarin's potential uses for the liver noted its antioxidant-like effects in people with cirrhosis. Note that the numbers in parentheses (1, 2, etc.) J Herb Pharmacother 2002;2:11-7. 2015;22(2):231-7. It should be consumed with lots of water. Buy online now! This content does not have an English version. StatPearls Publishing; 2022. Talk to your doctor before taking any supplements because they might interfere with your medication. Silymarin inhibits function of the androgen receptor by reducing nuclear localization of the receptor in the human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. Pharmacol Rev. Some snack foods and store-bought packaged toddler foods are high in salt. Because milk thistle is categorized as a supplement rather than a drug, its not subject to the same oversight and quality control from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that standard drugs are. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. People sometimes eat the stem and leaves of milk thistle in salads. The liver is a major digestive organ, which helps process nutrients and toxins that enter our body through foods, water and air. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. The liver helps break down these medications. Milk thistle can lower blood sugar levels. Some people have nausea, diarrhea, itching, and. Phytother Res. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. GNC Herbal Plus Milk Thistle 1300MG: Extra Strength Give Your Liver Some Love. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Milk thistle might affect how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. A systematic review (summary of medical literature on a specific topic) conducted in 2016 further concluded that using silymarin regularly may reduce fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels, two important factors in diabetes management. Acta Med Hung. View abstract. Cream. Milk thistle might decrease how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. Medical research suggests that milk thistle, combined with traditional treatment, can improve diabetes. View abstract. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022;2022:9199190. This powerful plant is native to the Mediterranean, but is used around the world as a natural remedy for a wide variety of different ailments. hepatoprotective (liver protecting) qualities. doi:10.1097/CAD.0000000000000211. Anticancer Drugs. Tyler's Honest Herbal, 4th ed., Binghamton, NY: Haworth Herbal Press, 1999. Population pharmacokinetics of sirolimus in de novo Chinese adult renal transplant patients. Milk thistle is commonly used for everything from weight loss to skin health to promoting breast milk production. These characteristics of milk thistle may help reduce the risk of developing arterial plaque, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, stroke, obesity and heart disease. Valenzuela, A., Lagos, C., Schmidt, K., and Videla, L. A. Silymarin protection against hepatic lipid peroxidation induced by acute ethanol intoxication in the rat. View abstract. 2005;100(11):2583-91. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00262.x. Find out more on the side effects of statins. Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon therapy: a randomized controlled trial. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on View abstract. Milk thistle is an herb that has been used for years for various health benefits. Drug Metab Dispos. View abstract. View abstract. Is It (Finally) Time to Stop Calling COVID a Pandemic? View abstract. Beckmann-Knopp S, Rietbrock S, Weyhenmeyer R, et al. But other research shows no benefit. The Natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis. 2015;19(16):3118-24. View abstract. Vostalova J, Vidlar A, Ulrichova J, et al. 2017;31(9):1323-29. It may have protective effects on the liver, preventing damage. Some of these medications changed by the liver include acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) and oxazepam (Serax), haloperidol (Haldol), lamotrigine (Lamictal), morphine (MS Contin, Roxanol), zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir), and others. Silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, may improve liver function and reduce symptoms of cirrhosis, or scarring of the liver. Biochemical and morphological investigations. Each small plant head contains about 190 seeds that can be used in various ways. One source suggests daily doses of 12 to 15 g of dry fruits for dyspepsia and disorders of the biliary system, while an extract containing 200 to 400 mg/day of silymarin is considered effective in various liver disorders. Pharmacotherapy 2003;23:866-70.. View abstract. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2021. Ibrahim SMA, Farag AS, Ali MS, El-Gendy WMAF. View abstract. 2011;6(11):1653-1656. Bode, J. C., Schmidt, U., and Durr, H. K. [Silymarin for the treatment of acute viral hepatitis? View abstract. But studies on heart benefits have only been done in people with diabetes. Prostate 2-1-2001;46(2):98-107. People prone to calcium oxalate kidney stones are advised to avoid high-dose calcium supplements and to stay well-hydrated (as inadequate fluid intake can increase the risk of kidney stones). Zhonghua Gan Zang.Bing.Za Zhi. Some estrogen pills include conjugated equine estrogens (Premarin), ethinyl estradiol, estradiol, and others. Mironets VI, Krasovskaia EA, and Polishchuk II. Milk thistle extracts inhibit the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and subsequent scavenger receptor-dependent monocyte adhesion. Effects and tolerance of silymarin (milk thistle) in chronic hepatitis C virus infection patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. View abstract. 2012;12:32. 2004;3(2):201-206. Salmi, H. and Sarna, S. Effect of silymarin on chemical, functional, and morphological alterations of the liver. Reutter, F. W. and Haase, W. [Clinical experience with silymarin in the treatment of chronic liver disease(author's transl)]. Sci Rep 2022;12(1):17549. Achufusi TGO, Patel RK. The effect of milk thistle on liver damage caused by chemicals is inconsistent. Mirhashemi SH, Hakakzadeh A, Yeganeh FE, Oshidari B, Rezaee SP. It has 149 calories, 24 milligrams of cholesterol, and 4.5 grams of saturated fat in an 8-ounce serving. A friend advised me that i may have inadequate liver function hence the livers inability to adequately process purines in my blood. J Diabetes Res. Quality and active ingredients in supplements may vary widely from maker to maker. 1996;62(5):187-193. Some researchers have suggested milk thistle benefits when treating osteoporosis after menopause, and it's a commonly used supplement in the U.S. van Erp NP, Baker SD, Zhao M, et al. View abstract. Comp Biochem Physiol C.Pharmacol Toxicol.Endocrinol. Early research shows that applying a gel containing milk thistle extract to the hands and feet beginning on the first day of chemotherapy and continuing for 9 weeks decreases the severity of this skin reaction caused by a cancer drug called capecitabine. Foster S, Tyler VE. Gurley, B. J., Barone, G. W., Williams, D. K., Carrier, J., Breen, P., Yates, C. R., Song, P. F., Hubbard, M. A., Tong, Y., and Cheboyina, S. Effect of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) supplementation on digoxin pharmacokinetics in humans. The review went on to say that silymarin may be linked to lower rates of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and liver disease. According to the National Institute of Health, theres some compelling research that shows that taking silymarin, the main chemical found in milk thistle, along with conventional treatments, can help control symptoms of type 2 diabetes by promoting better blood sugar control. View abstract. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. Schroder, F. H., Roobol, M. J., Boeve, E. R., de Mutsert, R., Zuijdgeest-van Leeuwen, S. D., Kersten, I., Wildhagen, M. F., and van Helvoort, A. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study in men with prostate cancer and rising PSA: effectiveness of a dietary supplement. Effect of silymarin treatment on circulating bilirubin and cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy men: a single-blind, randomized crossover trial. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. View abstract. In some cases it may be useful in treating these cancers, but studies have yet to fully demonstrate the safety and efficacy of milk thistle use. Becker-Schiebe, M., Mengs, U., Schaefer, M., Bulitta, M., and Hoffmann, W. Topical use of a silymarin-based preparation to prevent radiodermatitis : results of a prospective study in breast cancer patients. 2014 Summer;11(2):167-74. Payer, B. 135. 2011;17(18):2288-2301. doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i18.2288. People sometimes use milk thistle for hepatitis C, a viral infection of the liver. A collection of flavonolignans called silymarin is considered the biologically active component of milk thistle. information highlighted below and resubmit the form. Finally, keep in mind that, although many holistic practitioners recommend milk thistle for dogs to help promote liver health, its best to talk to your vet before starting supplementation to keep your furry friends safe. [Effect of Silybum marianum oil and legalon on lipid peroxidation and liver antioxidant systems in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride]. Taking milk thistle might lessen acne severity. 2nd ed. Early research shows that applying a specific product containing milk thistle extract reduces the effect of radiation on the skin in people being treated for breast cancer. Milk thistle: Effects on liver disease and cirrhosis and clinical adverse effects. This herb contains active compounds called silymarin and silybin that the "Physicians' Desk Reference for Herbal Medicines" describes as hepatoprotective, meaning they protect the liver by blocking toxin-binding receptor sites in the cells of the organ's outer membrane 2.A review published in the "World Journal of Gastroenterology" in May 2011 finds that both silymarin . 2017;18(2). J Hepatol. Moosavifar, N., Mohammadpour, A. H., Jallali, M., Karimiz, G., and Saberi, H. Evaluation of effect of silymarin on granulosa cell apoptosis and follicular development in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization. Although the research on this topic is limited to mostly animal studies, one trial published in Photochemistry and Photobiology found that silymarin protected the skin of mice from UV-induced oxidative stress and helped reduce inflammation. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a plant that has been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine practices throughout Europe. 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