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In some cases, the same phrases reappear all through these. Ben: But we also asked about something else, that he was a little uncomfortable talking about: Orlikow vs. United States, the 1980s lawsuit that ended up giving $750,000 total to 8 of Camerons victims. Ben: Did he have any favorite sayings or idiosyncrasies or things like that that you remember or that made an impression on you when you were younger? [14] Hess later confessed that he had faked the amnesia. They had 11 children: Allan Francis Cameron, John Donald Cameron and 9 other children. Josh Crane Twitter Producer, Podcasts & New ProgramsJosh is a producer for podcasts and new programs at WBUR. Ben: Her dad couldnt afford childcare, so soon after Marians mother went into the Allan, social services took Marian and her two younger brothers away because there was no parent to take care of them. And how his work lives on. Cameron's experiments at McGill were numbered MKULTRA subproject 68, which gives you an idea just how many other subgroups tested . Advancing Voluntary, Informed Consent to Medical Intervention, Cameron was an internationally prominent psychiatrist who developed torture techniques on his involuntary hospitalized patients mostly women. Although society had established sanctions against the spread of infectious diseases, Cameron wanted to extend the concept of contagion to chronic anxiety. In 1946, Cameron introduced the practice of the day hospital, the first of its kind in North America, permitting patients to remain at home while receiving treatment at the institute during the day, thus avoiding unnecessary hospitalization and allowing the patients to maintain ties with their community and family. He also organized the structure of mental health services in the western half of the province, establishing 10 functioning clinics; this model was used as the blueprint for similar efforts in Montreal and a forerunner of 1960s community health models. If he had a choice he would have kept living forever. Later he was brought up by MacLachlan of Coruanan, head of a tribe who were followers of Lochiel. What started as short-term depression before the Allan, morphed into chronic depression, as well as diagnosed schizophrenia and bipolar disorder afterwards. John Marks: There must have been clinical documents. He is also reported to have owned shares worth 40,000 in Urbium, the owner of Londons Tiger Tiger nightclub, where he earned as much as 28,000 a year as a non-executive director between 2002 and 2005. Amory: Just not in the way he might have hoped. Amory: Nearly everyone who experienced Camerons treatments first-hand has since died. More than half of Okas 86 shareholders are channelled through a company operating out of Guernsey. So what led the CIA to get onto this fantasy? Everyone who makes a monthly donation will get access to upcoming bonus content from the making of our series. 5, p. 2227) As a result of the lawsuit, the CIA agreed to pay $750,000, the maximum allowed under U.S. law, to settle a case without conceding liability. Research genealogy for Donald CAMERON of Ardnamurchan, Argyll and Bute, Scotland, UK, as well as other members of the CAMERON family, on Ancestry. About 55 families of victims who underwent medical experimentation in the 1950s and 1960s are suing for millions of dollars. So we reached out to one of the most comprehensive archives in the world: The Library of Congress. I'm the oldest son of Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron and Jean Cameron. Or answer questions about his motivations, whether or not he knew he was part of the CIAs mind control efforts. Samantha Cameron received a 400,000 windfall from the sale. And I think you have, as much as love that you had for him you also had respect for him. The behaviour of a mental patient could resemble the behaviour of a patient with, for example, syphilis, and then a somatic cause could be deduced for a psychological illness. And I think it affected a lot more people than anybody even realizes today. So I think the complaints of the doctors and nurses had reached their ears. So why havent they? David Cameron and his wife Samantha on holiday in Lanzarote. Panama Papers reporting team: Juliette Garside, Luke Harding, Holly Watt, David Pegg, Helena Bengtsson, Simon Bowers, Owen Gibson and Nick Hopkins. Cameron wanted to build an inventive psychiatric institution to determine rapid ways for societal control while demanding a psychological economy that did not center itself around guilt and guilt complexes. [citation needed]; if the greater population of Germany saw the atrocities of World War II, they would surely submit to a re-organized system of justice. His publicly available will declared an inheritance of 2.74m; any offshore investments would only have been declared privately to HMRC. We were unable to subscribe you to WBUR Today. Birthdate: June 04, 1906. He died of a heart attack while climbing a mountain in the Adirondacks in 1967. The psychiatric community could have questioned his methods, but they remained silent. Amory: In the early 60s, MK-ULTRA director Sidney Gottlieb took the so-called treatments Cameron used on his patients at the Allan and brought them back to the CIA. Amory: And, they delivered, with a full transcript of Duncans deposition from November, 1983. Ben: OK. Fair. He also spent time working in PR at Carlton Communications before becoming an MP in 2001. He came up with the idea that if he presented the world and confronted the Germans with the atrocities committed during the war, the world and the Germans would refrain from repeated acts of extreme aggression. And he didn't achieve that either. Here in the hospital Cameron could observe how the psychiatric patient resembled patients with other diseases that were not psychiatric in nature. A Canadian government dismissed the CIAs role as a side issue or red herring; Ottawas Justice Department denied legal responsibility, offering each victim a nugatory $20,000 nuisance payment. Inheritance tax is applied to the value of the estate, not individual bequests, as originally implied. Class action suit by families of those brainwashed in Montreal medical experiments gets go-ahead | CBC News Loaded. in psychological medicine from the University of Glasgow in 1924, a D.P.M. There must have been names of patients. His brutal techniques involved a three-stage method for brainwashing in order to eliminate the will and establish control: first, mental depatterning achieved through drug-induced coma; massive neuroleptic drug cocktails induced extended sleep lasting up to eighty-six days. Which suggests it was for purposes of, not closure, but of not wanting information to come to light that was in the papers. For instance, he was careful to say he didnt know anything about his dads treatment regimen at the Allan, which may very well be true. Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron Cameron was a leading figure in psychiatric research, and was working as a professor in Albany when he was invited to Montreal to become the first director of the recently founded the Allan Memorial Institute, which housed the psychiatric department of the Royal Victoria Hospital, and was affiliated with McGill University. Ewen married Agnes Cameron (born Bell) in 1867, at age 35 at marriage place. She was a former captain of the Scottish field hockey team, a competitive tennis player,[11] and lecturer in mathematics at the University of Glasgow. And, until theres true accountability for what happened and what is still happening, it never will be. And he has a much different memory of how it all went down. There's my father and my mother. Charles Tanny was a former patient of Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron at the Allan Memorial Institute in Montreal in 1957. Today, we're talking to one of the only people who will stand up for Dr. Cameron. Like Freud, Cameron maintained that the family was the nucleus of social behavior and anxieties later in life were spawned during childhood. Oka was reported to be worth an estimated 30m in 2006. Amory: And I think you may have given a deposition for that. He has yet to do so. Ben: Sure. Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron did experiments so horrifying he's been called "Scotland's Mengele." Here's why MKUltra's top brainwashing scientist was a nightmare. Marian Read: So for me, the importance of all of this is to get it out of the shadows of pulp fiction, you know Amory: This is Marian Read. Here, the Guardian sets out how the Camerons made a fortune from inherited wealth and family companies. Although Cameron rejected the Freudian notion of the unconscious, he shared the Freudian idea that personal psychology is linked to the nervous nature. Its in the Netflix show, Stranger Things: Amory: Or the hit video game Call of Duty: Ben: They're talking about it on The West Wing:C.J. There was also Donald Hebb, who ran McGills psychology department at the time Cameron was running its psychiatry department. They were destroyed. The Camerons first property, a one-bed flat in Notting Hill, was purchased in 1992 for 130,000. "I believe I suffered as a child, even though I love my mother.". Scottish-American psychiatrist who developed torture methods, Social and intrapsychic behaviour analysis, Cameron and Freud: civilization and discontents. He died in 1549, in Elgin, Morayshire, Scotland, United Kingdom, at the age of 71, and was buried in Scotland. For example, something like rock music could be created by mentally ill people and would produce mentally ill people through infection, which in turn would be transmitted to the genes. Please note . [28] His work was inspired and paralleled by the psychiatrist William Sargant, who was also involved with the intelligence services and experimented extensively on his patients without their consent, causing similar long-term damage. Now rented out, the property was reported earlier this year to be worth more than 3.5m. He promoted a philosophy where chaos could be prevented by removing the weak from society. Amory: Duncan has a very different picture of his father, a whole bunch of them actually. [citation needed] Characteristics were thus diagnosed as syndromes emerging from the brain. . Because it would seem to me, or I was concerned as a lawyer, that it might be a breach of the patient-doctor privilege. He received an M.B., Ch.B. Just as Sigrid Schultz stated in Germany will try it again, Cameron fostered a fear for Germans and their genetic determination. Theres no clear approach to the summit only overgrown pathways. And I think my father would have too. And I feel for them for that. husband. This must be very difficult, very complicated for them. Cameron decided that Germans would be most likely to commit atrocities due to their historical, biological, racial and cultural past and their particular psychological nature. Duncan: And I've said Im unable to do that. There's Edgar Allan Poe stories and Sherlock Holmes stories. The title is The Understanding Man. Lake Placid in particular, and the northern Adirondacks in general, have lost suddenly, tragically, but in a sense, beautifully, probably their most distinguished citizen. He was always interested in the future. Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. He married Catherine McPhee on 6 March 1828. In 1926, he served as assistant medical officer there[9] and was introduced to psychiatrist Sir David Henderson, a student of Swiss-born US psychiatrist Adolf Meyer. He commuted from Lake Placid, New York to Montreal every week to work at McGill's Allan Memorial Institute and was paid $69,000 from 1957 to 1964 to carry out MKUltra experiments there, known as the Montreal experiments. Because his dad isnt around to do it himself. More about the Cameron family name; Sponsored by Ancestry. Duncan: No, he had some peculiar hobb-- he loved science fiction. Born on 7 November 1926 in Australia, Donald Cameron (bishop) started his career as assistant bishop in the Anglican Diocese of Sydney . Viscountess Astor has two daughters from her first marriage to Sir Reginald Sheffield, including Samantha Cameron. Duncan: Oh yes, he enjoyed a good joke even if they were off color. Duncan: Well, that's a big subject. He moved to Upstate New York where he studied aging and memory at two hospitals in Albany. And in that sense, I think his ambition overrode his skills and his ability to do the research. Donald Cameron, Free Settler "Brilliant" 1838 born 1778 is on Geni with unlikely parents * Alexander Cameron 12th of Glen Nevis 1696-1774 died 4 years before he was born * Mary Cameron of Dungallon born 1756 - 60 years younger than her husband These are also the parents of Ewen Cameron of Lochiel born 1760 when the mother was only 4 Can anyone add any information on this family? And in that he took some risks, obviously. Amory: Eventually though, it wasnt just Camerons successor who was calling him out. Kinzer: Later on, it became the basis for manuals that the CIA provided in the 1980s to police forces in Latin America that were known to practice torture. Those with anxieties or insecurities and who had trouble with the state of the world were labelled as "the weak"; in Cameron's analysis, they could not cope with life and had to be isolated from society by "the strong". Ben: Which brings us back to a question that no one can answer why did Dr. Cameron do what he did? The companys documents reportedly boasted that he represented a 70-year connection between the firm and the Cameron family. He actually has a smile. He is largely known today for his central role in unethical medical experiments, and development of psychological and medical torture techniques for the CIA. Duncan: Well, I didnt destroy the documents. And these are pictures of him, these are both in the Adirondack Mountains. Duncan: I mean, it's very different than the caricature that you sometimes read in the press. And they are still being asked to by victims and their families, 60 years later. The only cure for mental illness, he theorized, was to eliminate its "carriers" from society altogether. Not all the time, but it's always there. Ben: Today we grapple with Dr. Ewen Camerons legacy. Donald Cameron (bishop), better known by her family name Ewen Donald Cameron, is a popular Australian assistant bishop in the Anglican Diocese of Sydney. He is famed in history as The Gentle Lochiel. Ben: Perhapsthis is Dr. Cameron's most enduring legacy. Amory: Ben and I are in an apartment in Washington D.C. thats bursting with morning light and books, and were flipping through some of our hosts old family photos. How the CIA's MK-ULTRA mind-control experiments laid the groundwork for torture methods used today, CBC's Journalistic Standards and Practices. He was a Progressive Conservative member in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1963 until 1967 in the riding of Wentworth and then from 1971 to 1975 in the riding of Wentworth North. And they found his work next to worthless. The insecure man "They are the driven crowds that makes the army of the authoritarian overlord; they are the stuffing of conservatism mediocrity is their god. North America. Cameron focused primarily on biological descriptive psychiatry and applied the British and European schools and models of the practice. Amory: But, Camerons extreme measures didnt result in a Nobel Prize or any mental health breakthroughs, which is why Harvey finds a certain poetry in his untimely death. [6] Decades after his own death, the psychic driving technique he developed continued to see extensive use in the torture of prisoners around the world. Cameron started to distinguish populations between "the weak" and "the strong". David Cameron has been a frequent visitor to the Jura estate, praising its peace and quiet. The paper stated that German culture and its people would have offspring bound to become a threat to world peace in 30 years. Clan Cameron Archives. Did he ever talk about that? Tell us about your reaction to this episode or send us a story idea. A series of other research scandals in the 1960s resulted in stricter regulation of research practices and a more stringent code of ethics. When Ewen MacAllan Cameron was born in 1478, in Argyll, Scotland, his father, Sir Allan Cameron of Lochiel 12th Chief, was 38 and his mother, Marriot MacDonald of Keppoch, was 38. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. Samantha Cameron has worked at the luxury stationery group Smythson since the 1990s, gaining shares in the company as part of her role as creative director. Ben: When Amory and I spoke to Duncan Cameron about his dad, he also told us about his own work, as a lawyer. [citation needed]. She went from apartment to apartment, mental hospital to mental hospital. I mean, he was fascinated with the future in his own field of psychiatry, medicine and government. Amory: In the Lake Placid community where Dr. Camerons family spent the bulk of their summers, his sudden death from a heart attack while hiking was big news. He is reported to have received 2m after Panmure Gordon was sold to a US bank during the period of deregulation in the early 1980s. v USA, 1988] Tom Beauchamp, a leading American bioethicist was an expert witness for Camerons estate, arguing that Camerons treatment complied with the norm and practice of the day. I'm sure part of him very much wanted to be the person who cures mental illness. In his analysis, German culture was made up of people who had the need for status, worshipped strict order and regimentation, desired authoritarian leadership and had a deeply ingrained fear of other countries. . Cameron became the first director of the Allan Memorial Institute as well as the first chairman of the Department of Psychiatry at McGill. Cameron began to abandon the Freudian unconscious in favour of a social constructivist's view of mental illness. He married Marjory, daughter of MacLean of Drimnin in Morven, and had four children, the eldest of whom was afterwards the famous Sir Alan Cameron, and the youngest, a daughter, who married Cameron of Scamadale, and had a son, Lieutenant Alexander Cameron, who commanded the 79th Highlanders at Waterloo, during the last three hours of the The plaintiffs allege the Government of Canada funded psychiatric treatments by Dr. DonaldEwen Cameron at the Allan Memorial Institute between 1950 to 1964. . He recruited psychoanalysts, social psychiatrists and biologists globally to develop the psychiatry program at McGill[12] From its beginning in 1943, the Allan Memorial Institute was run on an "open door" basis, allowing patients to leave if they wished, as opposed to the "closed door" policy of other hospitals in Canada in the early 1940s. In 1933, he married Jean C. Rankine, whom he had met while they were students at the University of Glasgow. It is at this juncture that he became interested with how he could effectively manipulate the brain to control and understand the processes of memory. Cameron titled this procedure "intrapsychic" (a term derived from the psycho-somatic relationship of hospital patients). 1553: Donald Dubh MacDonald MacEwen Cameron (Donald Dow M'Connel M'Ewen) becomes XV Chief. Case of Gail Kastner: The shock treatment turned the then 19 year old honours student into a woman who sucked her thumb, talked like a baby, demanded to be fed from a bottle and urinated on the floor. At that point her affluent family abandoned her and she lived in poverty. The Tarbert estate is owned by Ginge Manor House, an offshore company named after the Astors home in Oxfordshire. Thank you! The human significance of his dark legacy was brought to public attention when nine of his Canadian victims filed lawsuits in 1980s twenty-one years after Camerons death. Advertisement. Alison Steel says her mother was never the same after undergoing brainwashing experiments at Montreal's Allan Memorial Institute. It's Boston local news in one concise, fun and informative email. In 2001, the couple took out a 350,000 mortgage on their house in Dean, Oxfordshire, with the interest covered by the taxpayer. Duncan: He probably did, but I dont think I could remember the specifics of it. The prime minister has mainly worked in politics, first as a special adviser. All. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. In 2012, Cameron said he would be prepared to publish the details of his tax returns. Skip . Donald Ewen Cameron was born in Bridge of Allen, a small town in Scotland, on December 24, 1901. Harvey Weinstein: Complicated question, we all have motivations for the things that we do. If you want that too, we would deeply appreciate your contribution to our work in any amount. It petered out in the early 60s as the programs director, Sidney Gottlieb, came to a realization. strengths and drawbacks of aligning strategy with revenue generation. His occupation was occupation. He died three years later. Amory: Sarahs grandmother, Val, sued the CIA forty years ago for supporting Dr. Camerons work at the Allan. The sick were, for Cameron, the viral infection to its stability and health. Treatments included chemically induced sleep for weeks, rounds of electroshocks and experimental drugs. Death: June 18, 1958 (52) Immediate Family: Son of Sir Ewen Allan Cameron and Rachel Margaret Cameron. Scottish-American psychiatrist Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron led and conducted these experiments. "[H]e was born in. His death occurred while climbing a mountain. Ian Cameron followed in the footsteps of his father to also become a director at Panmure Gordon, in 1957. In compliance with the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) requirements, some of these records are no longer in the physical possession of the FBI, eliminating the FBI's capability to re-review and/or re-process this material. Despite the horrific abuse, the American and Canadian psychiatric establishment closed ranks. Donald Cameron of Lochiel (c.1700 - October 1748), was an influential Highland Clan Chief known for his magnanimous and gallant nature. He subsequently established Blairmore Holdings Inc in 1982, the fund now at the centre of the Panama Papers controversy, and where he was paid $20,000 a year as a director. (Rubenstein LS. Like in Nicaragua, where he was The New York Times Bureau Chief. Duncan: I started work at the State Department just a day or so before Kennedy was assassinated. Amory: Author Stephen Kinzer, who wrote the book about the CIA and Mind Control, says, after Vietnam, this same literature got used elsewhere. Under that program, more than 80,000 suspected North Vietnamese sympathizers were interrogated by US forces and their allies. Her life was sad. Ewen passed away on month day 1915, at age 84 at death place. He served as president of the American Psychiatric Association (19521953), Canadian Psychiatric Association (19581959),[2] American Psychopathological Association (1963),[3] Society of Biological Psychiatry (1965)[4] and the World Psychiatric Association (19611966). Maybe the people responsible are waiting for all of us to forget. They fear the stranger, they fear the new idea; they are afraid to live, and scared to die." His focus on children included the rights to protection against outmoded, doctrinaire tactics, and the necessity for the implantation of taboos and inhibitions from their parents. Duncan: I think the furthest I got was to his office. These became the basis of a new social and behavioural science that he would later institute through his presidencies of the Canadian, American and World Psychiatric Associations, the American Psychopathological Association and the Society of Biological Psychiatry. Ben: Duncan Cameron was 10 years old when his dad became the Director of the Allan Memorial Institute in Montreal. Amory: You're welcome to pull it out now. He was always attracted to these subjects for which there was no easy answer. Ben: The main takeaway here is Duncan admitting that he did remove documents pertaining to specific patients, before giving his dads papers to the archives. There are a few ways to reach us: This content was originally created for audio. These experiments were typically carried out on patients who had entered the Institute for minor problems such as anxiety disorders and postnatal depression; many were permanently debilitated after these treatments. Cameron wrote that mental illness was transmitted generationally; thus, the re-occurrence of mental illness could be stopped by remodeling and expanding existing concepts of marriage suitability, as well as the quarantine of mentally ill individuals from the general population. Ben: But Duncan is still, in some ways, trying to defend his dads honor. from the University of London in 1925, and an M.D. He warned that government institutions should take measures against such potential liabilities. In addition to LSD, he experimented with various paralytic drugs such as curare and electroconvulsive therapy at thirty to forty times the normal power. To Submit Content. Sources: Memoirs of Sir Ewen Cameron of Lochiel, chief of the clan Cameron, supposed to have been written by one John Drummond (Bannatyne Club, 1842) [29], Sid Taylor stated that Cameron used curare to immobilise his patients during his research. If you haven't heard Parts 1 through 4 yet, you can find them here, here,here,and here. [citation needed]. Rauh: --Well, I will put it another way. With funding from the CIA, the late Dr. D. Ewen Cameron did a series of mind-control experiments on 53 people, including Harvey Weinstein's father, Louis, a prosperous Montreal businessman. It is a priority for CBC to create products that are accessible to all in Canada including people with visual, hearing, motor and cognitive challenges. A barrister, David Camerons older brother swapped ownership with his father to become the sole owner of the familys 2.3m home in Berkshire in 2006. You have been subscribed to WBUR Today. Inherited 1m Cameron family home in Kensington, split equally with her sister, Clare. Amory: Sarah Anne Johnson, whose grandmother Val Orlikow was a patient of Ewen Camerons, has a response to Duncan that, considering what her family has been through as a result of his fathers experimentation, is surprising. Ben: Jims right. In a statement to CBC News, the MUHC said Cameronacted independently and was not considered by law to be an employee of the Royal Victoria Hospital. And the funeral was yet another opportunity for Marian and her siblings to learn more about the mother who had been absent for so much of their childhoods. Were they *destroyed* or did you just take the patients name out? Ben: He looks like hes having a good time. He argued that people with mental illnesses could spread and transmit their diseases. This third type needs, This page was last edited on 19 March 2023, at 10:26. [1] In papers published during this time he linked RNA to memory. He had at least 2 sons with Fynvola Margaret MacDonald. Ben: Street Mountain is a strange choice for a bucket list. Heres part of Duncans transcript: Duncan (from the transcript): I recall contacting the American Psychiatric Association and asking them if they would have an interest in holding his papers in their archives, and they expressed an interest in doing it. A lawsuit against the Canadian government, the Royal Victoria Hospital and theMcGill University Health Centre is moving ahead. [7], Donald Ewen Cameron was born in Bridge of Allan, Scotland, the oldest son of a Presbyterian minister. Rauh: So any documents that would show the treatment of the plaintiffs in this case were destroyed? Cameron placed the psychiatric treatment unit inside of the hospital and inspected its success. Ben: But some key documentation of Camerons time at the Allan is straight up missing. Donald Ewen Cameron was the key figure in the Montreal experiments. She said she received 12 boxes of her husbands papers after he died, but that, quote, If I had these papers, I wouldnt necessarily let you see them. Some of this work took place in the context of the Project MKUltra program for the developing of mind control and torture techniques, psychoactive poisons, and behavior modification systems. Cameron began his training in psychiatry at the Glasgow Royal Mental Hospital in 1925. view all Jennie Burnham Cameron's Timeline. Anyone with any appreciation of the complexity of the human mind would not expect that you could erase an adult mind and then add things back with this stupid psychic driving., Amory: The CIA also turned its back on Cameron. To prevent this, the West would have to take measures to reorganize German society. I think he wanted to be famous. And here I am looking much younger than I am now. The FBI's FOIA Library contains many files of public interest and historical value. [15], Before his arrival in Nuremberg, Cameron had written The Social Reorganization of Germany, in which he argued that German culture and its individual citizens would have to be transformed and reorganized. Other similar psychiatric diagnoses of Germany were published during this time. In the late 1940s, Cameron presented his ideas in a lecture entitled Dangerous Men and Women. For Cameron, the traits were contagions and anyone affected by the societal, cultural or personality forms would themselves be infected. Cameron Sr and his wife, David Camerons mother, Mary, were reported to have made 800,000 from the sale of two paintings by Jean-Baptiste Greuze in 2006.

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