However, implementation of a formal exercise program for puppies has been subject to controversy, and there is currently little data to support definitive recommendations. Hoummady S, Pron F, Grandjean D, Clro D, Bernard B, Titeux E, et al. J Vet Behav. Your dog's diet should contain a relatively small number of calories per cup; ideally less than 350 calories. Given their potential utility, and the fact that we continue to refine our understanding of which traits are most important, more research into the predictive value of puppy testing is clearly warranted. However, it is important to note that the effectiveness of this approach relies on both an understanding of the genetic and environmental influences on particular traits, as well as reproducible methods for measuring phenotypes of interest (139). One way of achieving this goal is through prescriptive (as opposed to predictive) testing. From a practical perspective, key measures of a working dog's impact relate to the dog's ability to perform their role once placed in the working environment, as well as the longevity of successful performance in this context. Wilsson E, Sundgren P-E. Thielke LE, Udell MAR. How It Works: The Wisdom Panel kit has two swabs that look like mascara wands. doi: 10.1016/0168-1591(94)90068-X, 111. doi: 10.1016/0304-3762(83)90010-X, 50. How do you know what breed is right for your family? Theor Appl Genet. However, it is important to note that even in dogs predisposed to high sensitivity to social stimuli, best practices in socialization and training are still critical to the quality and success of social interactions with humans, in addition to the dog's well-being. Optimal response was they would look into it and get back to us! (2011) 52:38092. Wisdom Panel Premium dog DNA test | Most accurate breed detection Wisdom Panel Premium $159.99 4 interest free payments of $39.99 with Like most pet parents, we want to know everything about our pets. doi: 10.1016/j.jveb.2009.03.003, 161. (2016) 14:529. If you purchase a product through this article, we may receive a portion of the sale. Variation in Dog Society: Between Resource Dispersion and Social Flux. Stoeckel LE, Palley LS, Gollub RL, Niemi SM, Evins AE. Visual Impairment Res. Knoji is a social discussion platform that's 100% free to use. Dietz L, Arnold AMK, Goerlich-Jansson VC, Vinke CM. This list is provided as a service to dog owners. "The tests are comprehensive, the packaging is . High in protein. doi: 10.1037/com0000074, 102. Physiol Behav. While indeed a functionally relevant outcome, this measure is subject to several important limitations. (78) conducted a study in a population of guide dogs and found that high levels of maternal behavior were linked to stress and anxiety in the offspring as adolescents (i.e., higher activity levels in an isolation task and a reduced latency to vocalize during a novel object task), as well as worse performance on a problem-solving task. VWX. Early adverse experience as a developmental risk factor for later psychopathology: evidence from rodent and primate models. doi: 10.1016/0168-1591(86)90095-X, 114. In addition, single-purpose detection dogs serve to locate explosives, narcotics, contraband, pests, and many more odors [e.g., (40, 41)]. Biol Bull. For example, in rodents and primates, the amount and type of maternal care experienced by infants has wide-ranging effects on later development. As of 2020, there are 133 assistance dog providers accredited by Assistance Dogs International, Inc.1 There are several distinct categories of placements that fall under the umbrella of assistance dogs: guide dogs, who assist blind or visually impaired handlers with navigation of their environment; hearing dogs, who assist people who are deaf or hard of hearing by alerting to relevant sounds (27), and service dogs, who assist people with physical disabilities by helping with daily tasks such as opening doors and retrieving objects. Vet consultation for 'at risk' health findings, Test for MDR1 (drug medication sensitivities). Gcsi M, Topl J, Miklsi , Dka A, Csnyi V. Attachment behavior of adult dogs (Canis familiaris) living at rescue centers: forming new bonds. (MyDogDNA or Optimal Selection analysis analysis). The effects of neonatal handling on the development of the adrenocortical response to stress: implications for neuropathology and cognitive deficits in later life. DNA My Dog breed . Goddard ME, Beilharz RG. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(67)90011-X, 155. Similar to guide dogs, successful protection dogs exhibited high levels of courage and nerve stability, meaning that they reacted appropriately and were resilient and focused when faced with high-stress or frightening scenarios (71). Muscular Dystrophy (Discovered in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel), Xanthinuria (Discovered in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel), Degenerative Myelopathy. Thus, for service dogs, a calm temperament and a strong propensity to direct attention toward humans appear to be beneficial. Assistance dogs represent a more recently-developed working dog role (26). Most studies find there are benefits to moderate exercise during development, including mental stimulation, improved muscle development, joint stability, bone development, and coordination. $ 129.99. For example, dogs bred for placement in protection roles often have characteristics, such as high motivation (sometimes referred to as drive), reactivity, and energy levels, that make them difficult to keep as pets. Levine S, Haltmeyer GC, Karas GG, Denenberg VH. In this setting, individuals identify a dog with the potential physical and behavioral characteristics appropriate for a search dog (52). Let me sniff! Optimal Selection Canine $129.99 Pay in 4 interest-free installments of $32.49 with Learn more Memory impairments and hippocampal modifications in adult rats with neonatal isolation stress experience. Haverbeke A, Rzepa C, Depiereux E, Deroo J, Giffroy JM, Diederich C. Assessing efficiency of a human familiarisation and training programme on fearfulness and aggressiveness of military dogs. Chapman SG. doi: 10.1017/9781139161800.003, 3. (1982) 62:97102. Demographic history, selection and functional diversity of the canine genome. 164. Acute Intermittent Porphyria (Variant 5) - NEW! (2004) 38:52635. (2019) 210:8894. In the vast majority of these studies, the outcome metric used was qualificationi.e., successful placementas an assistance, protection, and/or detection dog, with the alternative being that the dog was deemed unsuitable and released for behavioral shortcomings. For example, a dog may become an assistance animal for their owner, or another individual in the home, after living primarily as a pet in that same household previously. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. Lezama-Garca K, Mariti C, Mota-Rojas D, Martnez-Burnes J, Barrios-Garca H, Gazzano A. Maternal behaviour in domestic dogs. Genetics of quantitative traits and improvement of dog breeds. The American Kennel Club, Inc. 2022. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. Beaudet R, Chalifoux A, Dallaire A. Predictive value of activity level and behavioral evaluation on future dominance in puppies. Hart LA, Yamamoto M. (2016) Dogs as Helping Partners and Companions for Humans. Shopping for more than one pet? A complete medical evaluation includes an eye examination, cardiac auscultation, and ultrasound if indicated. Nat Rev Genet. MacLean EL, Snyder-Mackler N, vonHoldt BM, Serpell JA. In evaluating studies of dogs who engage in protection and/or detection work, a set of different (and sometimes opposite) characteristics materialized as important when compared to assistance dogs (Figure 1C). Police dogs are used in law enforcement to aid in the apprehension of suspects, deterrence of crime, securing of points of entry, and locating of people or substances of interest. Bray EE, Gnanadesikan GE, Horschler DJ, Levy KM, Kennedy BS, Famula TR, et al. Hannah and Austin learn about Franks overeating gene and adjust his care accordingly. Minimizing fear and anxiety in working dogs: a review. New York, NY: Penguin Books (2002). Save up to 30% on new & used Optimal Selection listings at eBay. Tiira K, Tikkanen A, Vainio O. Inhibitory control Important trait for explosive detection performance in police dogs? DNA profiling is the primary type of DNA testing offered by breed registries in the US, and is for the purpose of permanent identification of a dog (similar to a microchip) and for parentage testing only. doi: 10.1016/j.jveb.2008.04.003, 73. (2021) 30:615730. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.615730, 38. Both tests give you detailed breed and health results for your pet. Origins and genetic legacy of prehistoric dogs. To our knowledge, most working dog organizations that currently incorporate behavioral measures in EBVs rely on organization-specific phenotyping procedures which are often tailored to specific working roles. Mai DL, Howell T, Benton P, Bennett PC. doi: 10.3109/03008207.2010.544428, 177. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2016). Successful detection dogs were extremely interested in an object doused in scent (84), possessive of objects (86, 88), and quick to locate hidden explosives without assistance from the handler (85). On the other hand, it may also interfere with a dog's ability to cope when left alone or to focus on non-social stimuli, skills that are critical to independent problem-solving success central to other working roles (141). (2016) 16:5364. Find your dog's family, powered by the world's largest breed database. (2020) 33:116. (2020) 23:95364. Early prediction of adult police dog efficiencya longitudinal study. doi: 10.1016/S0168-1591(99)00038-6, 98. doi: 10.1016/j.jveb.2015.08.004, 214. Students begin by examining canine features and their functions. Batt L, Batt M, Baguley J, McGreevy P. Relationships between puppy management practices and reported measures of success in guide dog training. The Domestic Dog. Int J Behav Dev. Kit was sent on March 20, results were returned on April 7. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2016). In this paper, we review two main approaches for achieving this goal: (1) developing selection tests and criteria that can efficiently and effectively identify ideal candidates from the overall pool of candidate dogs, and (2) developing approaches to enhance performance, both at the individual and population level, via improvements in rearing, training, and breeding. Grams per 1,000 calories. (1984) 12:25365. Now, think about what youre looking for in a dog. Valentine DP, Kiddoo M, LaFleur B. Psychosocial implications of service dog ownership for people who have mobility or hearing impairments. (2015) 10:45964. J Anim Sci. They also displayed other traits which are related specifically to the function of protection dogs. Chen M, Daly M, Williams N, Williams S, Williams C, Williams G. Non-invasive detection of hypoglycaemia using a novel, fully biocompatible and patient friendly alarm system. Appl Animal Behav Sci. In particular, behavioral manifestations of these traitsspecifically, pulling on the leash (62) and inappropriate vocalizing (78, 83)were associated with disqualification from assistance dog programs. *Correspondence: Emily E. Bray, ebray@email.arizona.edu, Our Canine Connection: The History, Benefits and Future of Human-Dog Interactions, View all
Several studies have also documented the benefits (e.g., increased well-being and job satisfaction) of a close relationship to the dog with whom the handler works across animal assisted therapy (192), assistance dog (193), and protection/detection dog (43) contexts. Using molecular genetics, it is also possible to estimate an animal's phenotypic potential using marker-assisted selection. Regardless of the age of the dog or the career path, some component of physical exercise is essential for the physical and behavioral health of working dogs. Smaller organizations, and those who source dogs from more heterogeneous populations, stand to achieve larger gains through enhanced techniques for identifying individual dogs with high potential, as well as individualized interventions that would be challenging to implement at larger scales. Fish EW, Shahrokh D, Bagot R, Caldji C, Bredy T, Szyf M, et al. While medical conditions are (usually) readily screened, behavioral potential is difficult to evaluate (53, 54). (1962) 138:94958. Mixed breeds can be less predictable in terms of temperament, but by spending time visiting with the dog or speaking with the organizations employees (or foster family), you can get a fairly reliable sense of how well the dog will fit into your home. The genetic contribution to canine personality. Hemophilia B (Discovered in the Airedale Terrier), Factor VII Deficiency, Protein Losing Nephropathy, Lung Developmental Disease (Discovered in the Airedale Terrier), Alaskan Husky Encephalopathy, Degenerative Myelopathy, Cone Degeneration (Discovered in the Alaskan Malamute), Early-Onset Progressive Polyneuropathy (Discovered in the Alaskan Malamute), Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (Discovered in the Alaskan Malamute), Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 8 (Discovered in the Alpine Dachsbracke), Degenerative Myelopathy, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Primary Lens Luxation, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Hyperuricosuria, Cone-Rod Dystrophy 1, Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1, Cone-Rod Dystrophy 2, Osteochondromatosis (Discovered in the American Staffordshire Terrier), Myotonia Congenita, MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Cystinuria Type II-A, Primary Lens Luxation, Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 12 (Discovered in the Australian Cattle Dog), Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Hyperuricosuria, Cone Degeneration (Discovered in the Alaskan Malamute), Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 8 (Discovered in the Australian Shepherd), Degenerative Myelopathy, Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Myotonia Congenita, Cystinuria Type II-A, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Fanconi Syndrome, Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Discovered in the Basenji), Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency (Discovered in the Basenji), Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (Discovered in Basset Fauve de Bretagne), Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (Discovered in Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen), X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (Discovered in the Basset Hound), Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency (Discovered in the Beagle), Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Discovered in the Beagle), Neonatal Cerebellar Cortical Degeneration, Intestinal Cobalamin Malabsorption (Discovered in the Beagle), Musladin-Lueke Syndrome, Hypocatalasia, Factor VII Deficiency, Spongy Degeneration with Cerebellar Ataxia (Discovered in Belgian Malinois - SDCA1), Spongy Degeneration with Cerebellar Ataxia (Discovered in Belgian Malinois - SDCA2), Spongy Degeneration with Cerebellar Ataxia (Discovered in Belgian Malinois - SDCA1), Degenerative Myelopathy, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Hyperuricosuria, Juvenile Laryngeal Paralysis and Polyneuropathy, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Hyperuricosuria, Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1, MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Intestinal Cobalamin Malabsorption (Discovered in the Border Collie), Sensory Neuropathy, Dental Hypomineralization, Trapped Neutrophil Syndrome, Goniodysgenesis and Glaucoma (Discovered in the Border Collie), Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Early Adult Onset Deafness For Border Collies only (Linkage test), Shaking Puppy Syndrome (Discovered in the Border Terrier), Hemophilia A (Discovered in the Boxer), Degenerative Myelopathy, Exercise-Induced Collapse, Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Congenital Stationary Night Blindness (CSNB), Polycystic Kidney Disease, Primary Lens Luxation, Lethal Acrodermatitis (Discovered in the Bull Terrier), Ichthyosis (Discovered in the American Bulldog), Hyperuricosuria, Nemaline Myopathy, Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1, Dominant Progressive Retinal Atrophy, Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1, Macrothrombocytopenia, Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency (Discovered in the West Highland White Terrier), Craniomandibular Osteopathy, Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy (Discovered in Terriers), X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (Discovered in the Cardigan Welsh Corgi), Degenerative Myelopathy, Rod-Cone Dysplasia 3, Muscular Dystrophy (Discovered in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel), Xanthinuria (Discovered in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel), Degenerative Myelopathy,Episodic falling syndrome (EFS), Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (Discovered in the Central Asian Ovcharka), Degenerative Myelopathy, Exercise-Induced Collapse, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 7, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 7, Primary Lens Luxation, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Lens Luxation (Discovered in Chinese Shar-Pei), MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Chondrodysplasia, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphatase 1 Deficiency, Exercise-Induced Collapse, Phosphofructokinase Deficiency, Exercise-Induced Collapse, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Degenerative Myelopathy, Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Discovered in the Papillon and Phalne), von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Bandera's Neonatal Ataxia, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 2, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIIa, (GSD IIIa), Exercise-Induced Collapse, Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 1, Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Discovered in the Dachshund), Narcolepsy (Discovered in the Dachshund), Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IIIA (Discovered in the Dachshund), Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 1, Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Discovered in the Dachshund), Cone-Rod Dystrophy, Narcolepsy (Discovered in the Dachshund), Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IIIA (Discovered in the Dachshund), Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Hyperuricosuria, MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Primary Lens Luxation, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Deafness and Vestibular Dysfunction (Discovered in Doberman Pinscher), Focal Non-Epidermolytic Palmoplantar Keratoderma, Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1, Spongy Degeneration with Cerebellar Ataxia (Discovered in Belgian Malinois - SDCA2), Phosphofructokinase Deficiency, Xanthinuria (Discovered in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel), Acral Mutilation Syndrome, Exercise-Induced Collapse, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 8 (Discovered in the English Setter), MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Phosphofructokinase Deficiency, Degenerative Myelopathy, QT Syndrome, Acral Mutilation Syndrome, X-Linked Tremors, Muscular Dystrophy (Discovered in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel), Factor VII Deficiency, Progressive Early-Onset Cerebellar Ataxia, Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 3, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Spinocerebellar Ataxia with Myokymia and/or Seizures, Spinocerebellar Ataxia with Myokymia and/or Seizures, Congenital Hypothyroidism (Discovered in the Toy Fox and Rat Terrier), Primary Lens Luxation, Van den Ende-Gupta Syndrome, Degenerative Myelopathy, Primary Lens Luxation, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (Discovered in Frisian Water Dogs), MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Hyperuricosuria, Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII (Discovered in the German Shepherd Dog), Hemophilia A (Discovered in the German Shepherd Dog - Variant 2), Cone Degeneration (Discovered in the German Shepherd Dog), Degenerative Myelopathy, Hemophilia A (Discovered in the German Shepherd Dog - Variant 1), X-Linked Ectodermal Dysplasia, Renal Cystadenocarcinoma and Nodular Dermatofibrosis, Canine Scott Syndrome, Canine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (CLAD), type III, Cone Degeneration (Discovered in the German Shorthaired Pointer), von Willebrand's Disease, type 2, Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 8 (Discovered in the Australian Shepherd), Acral Mutilation Syndrome, von Willebrand's Disease, type 2, Exercise-Induced Collapse, Muscular Dystrophy (Discovered in the Golden Retriever), Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (Discovered in the Golden Retriever), Degenerative Myelopathy, Sensory Ataxic Neuropathy, Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Discovered in the Golden Retriever - GR-PRA1 variant), Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome (Discovered in the Golden Retriever), Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Centronuclear Myopathy (Discovered in the Great Dane), Ichthyosis (Discovered in the Great Dane), Glanzmann Thrombasthenia Type I (Discovered in Great Pyrenees), Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1, Early-Onset Progressive Polyneuropathy (Discovered in the Greyhound), Hereditary Nasal Parakeratosis (Discovered in the Greyhound), Hemophilia A (Discovered in the Havanese), Rod-Cone Dysplasia 1, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Rod-Cone Dysplasia 1, Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy (Discovered in the Irish Setter), Amelogenesis Imperfecta, Progressive Retinal Atrophy 1 (Discovered in the Italian Greyhound), GM2 Gangliosidosis (Discovered in the Japanese Chin), Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), GM1 Gangliosidosis (Discovered in the Shiba), Chondrodysplasia, Hypophosphatasia, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Degenerative Myelopathy, Factor XI Deficiency, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Intestinal Cobalamin Malabsorption (Discovered in the Komondor), von Willebrand's Disease, type 3 (Discovered in the Kooiker Hound), Hyperuricosuria, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Hereditary Footpad Hyperkeratosis, Hyperuricosuria, Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome (Discovered in the Labrador Retriever), Alexander Disease, Skeletal Dysplasia 2, Narcolepsy (Discovered in the Labrador Retriever), Hereditary Elliptocytosis, Centronuclear Myopathy (Discovered in the Labrador Retriever), X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy, Exercise-Induced Collapse, Myotonia Congenita (Discovered in the Labrador Retriever), Stargardt Disease (Discovered in the Labrador Retriever), Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), POMC, HNPK, Lagotto Storage Disease, Hyperuricosuria, Benign Familial Juvenile Epilepsy, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Primary Lens Luxation, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Cystinuria Type I-A, Muscular Dystrophy (Discovered in the Landseer), Hemophilia B (Discovered in the Lhasa Apso), Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Discovered in the Lhasa Apso), Xanthinuria (Discovered in the Toy Manchester Terrier), von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Hyperuricosuria, Cone Degeneration (Discovered in the Alaskan Malamute), Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IIIA (Discovered in the New Zealand Huntaway), Progressive Early-Onset Cerebellar Ataxia, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Epidermolytic Hyperkeratosis, Macrothrombocytopenia, Muscular Dystrophy (Discovered in the Norfolk Terrier), Hereditary Ataxia (Discovered in the Norwegian Buhund), Chondrodysplasia, Early Retinal Degeneration (Discovered in the Norwegian Elkhound), Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Primary Lens Luxation, Cystic Renal Dysplasia and Hepatic Fibrosis, Cleft Lip & Palate with Syndactyly, Cleft Palate, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome (Discovered in the Old Danish Pointer), Cerebellar Ataxia, MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Hemophilia A (Discovered in Old English Sheepdog), Exercise-Induced Collapse, Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Discovered in the Papillon and Phalne), von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Neuroaxonal Dystrophy (Discovered in the Papillon), Spinocerebellar Ataxia with Myokymia and/or Seizures, Hyperuricosuria, Spinocerebellar Ataxia (Late-Onset Ataxia), Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, Primary Lens Luxation, Enamel Hypoplasia (Discovered in the Parson Russell Terrier), Juvenile Encephalopathy (Discovered in the Parson Russell Terrier), Degenerative Myelopathy, Rod-Cone Dysplasia 3, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Exercise-Induced Collapse, Hyperuricosuria, Hereditary Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets Type II, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Osteochondrodysplasia, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Neonatal Encephalopathy with Seizures, Degenerative Myelopathy, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Osteochondrodysplasia, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, GM2 Gangliosidosis (Discovered in the Toy Poodle), Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Early-onset PRA (Discovered in the Portuguese Water Dog), GM1 Gangliosidosis (Discovered in the Portuguese Water Dog), Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Degenerative Myelopathy, May-Hegglin Anomaly, Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency (Discovered in the Pug), Congenital Hypothyroidism (Discovered in the Toy Fox and Rat Terrier), Primary Lens Luxation, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy, Degenerative Myelopathy, Juvenile Laryngeal Paralysis and Polyneuropathy, Myotubular Myopathy, Neuroaxonal Dystrophy (Discovered in the Rottweiler), Lamellar Ichthyosis, Spinocerebellar Ataxia with Myokymia and/or Seizures, Hyperuricosuria, Spinocerebellar Ataxia (Late-Onset Ataxia), Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome (Discovered in the Jack Russell Terrier), Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, Primary Lens Luxation, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 8 (Discovered in the Saluki), X-Linked Progressive Retinal Atrophy 1, X-Linked Hereditary Nephropathy (Discovered in the Samoyed), Hyperuricosuria, Generalized Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Discovered in the Schapendoes), Hyperuricosuria, Dilated Cardiomyopathy (Discovered in the Schnauzer), Fetal Onset Neuroaxonal Dystrophy, Factor VII Deficiency, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Persistent Mllerian Duct Syndrome, X-Linked Progressive Retinal Atrophy 2, Spondylocostal Dysostosis, Myotonia Congenita (Discovered in the Miniature Schnauzer), Demyelinating Neuropathy, Dilated Cardiomyopathy (Discovered in the Schnauzer), Craniomandibular Osteopathy, von Willebrand's Disease, type 3 (Discovered in the Scottish Terrier), Ligneous Membranitis, MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Discovered in the Shetland Sheepdog - CNGA1 variant), von Willebrand's Disease, type 3 (Discovered in the Shetland Sheepdog), Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Discovered in the Shetland Sheepdog - BBS2 variant), Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Prekallikrein Deficiency, Congenital Dyshormonogenic Hypothyroidism with Goiter (Discovered in the Shih Tzu), MDR1 Medication Sensitivity, Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Degenerative Myelopathy, Paroxysmal Dyskinesia, Protein Losing Nephropathy, Microphthalmia (Discovered in the Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier), Hyperuricosuria, Neuroaxonal Dystrophy, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Cerebral Dysfunction, von Willebrand's Disease, type 1, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphatase 1 Deficiency, Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Discovered in the Swedish Vallhund), Spinocerebellar Ataxia with Myokymia and/or Seizures, Congenital Hypothyroidism (Discovered in the Tenterfield Terrier), Primary Lens Luxation, Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII (Discovered in the Brazilian Terrier), Progressive Retinal Atrophy Type III, Primary Lens Luxation, Progressive Rod Cone Degeneration (prcd-PRA), Cerebellar Cortical Degeneration, Exercise-Induced Collapse, Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency (Discovered in the West Highland White Terrier), Craniomandibular Osteopathy, Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy (Discovered in Terriers), L-2-Hydroxyglutaric Aciduria (Discovered in the Westie), Phosphofructokinase Deficiency, Muscular Hypertrophy (Double Muscling), Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Hyperuricosuria, Cerebellar Cortical Degeneration, Exercise-Induced Collapse.
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