The resulting ash plumes rose to 10.6-16 km altitude throughout the day. The Montserrat Volcano Observatory stated that a sulfur odor and minor ashfall from Soufrire St. Vincent was observed on their island (390 km NNW). Two thermal hotspots were detected using the MODVOLC thermal algorithm on 24 April. An eruption that began on 27 December 2020 was characterized by increased seismicity, the growth of a new lava dome on the SW edge of the main crater, crater incandescence, and gas-and-steam emissions (BGVN 46:03). On 9 April 2021 there was an explosive eruption, and the volcano "continued to erupt explosively" over the following days, with pyroclastic flows. SO2 measurements taken near the W coast showed an average flux of 350 tons/day. Beginning around midday the periods between episodes of high-amplitude tremor lengthened from 1.5-4 hours to 5-8 hours. The Volcano Ready Communities Project, a collaboration between NEMO SVG and UWI Seismic Research Centre, distributed their volcano hazard map for the surrounding communities, in preparation for a potential evacuation (figure 9). When the lake was at its highest level on November 20th, it was thus some 92.5 feet above the normal pre-eruption level. University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC) and National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO) reported that seismicity at Soufrire St. Vincent (often simply referred to as La Soufriere) remained low during 17-24 May, with a few long-period and volcano-tectonic earthquakes occasionally recorded. Information Contacts: University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC), University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago, West Indies (URL: http://www.uwiseismic.com/); National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO), Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Bise, PO. During a field visit on 1 February scientists observed that gas-and-steam continued to rise from the top of the dome as well as along the contact of the old and new domes. In February 2021 the USGS-USAID (US Geological Survey-US Agency for International Development), through the Volcano Disaster Assistance Program (VDAP), donated equipment to build four more seismic stations. The crater itself lies on the SW margin of a larger 2.2-km-wide caldera, which is breached widely to the SW as a result of slope failure. MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity) analysis of MODIS satellite data shows the beginning of thermal activity in late December 2020 and continuing at a lower power into early February (figure 15). The viscosity of the new lava is high so that even if the dome grows to the point at which its flanks overlap the present crater rim, it is unlikely that molten lava will escape down the mountainside. Webcam view of the lava dome at La Soufriere on St. Vincent on April 8, 2021. Credit: University of the West Indies. Tremor starting at 2100 lasted about 40 minutes and may have been associated with a minor increase in venting. A NASA P-3 Electra aircraft, equipped with lidar, a 10-stage quartz-crystal microbalance, and an NO2 remote-sensing instrument, flew through the periphery of the 17 April cloud minutes after it was ejected. Scientists determined that typical winds diminish the sulfurous odors over much of the island, and the onset of the odors resulted from changes in wind patterns rather than increased gas output or other demonstrable changes. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Later that evening, incandescent material over the vent area was visible in webcam images, and views from the observatory indicated that the dome had grown significantly. Sigurdsson and Baker went boating on the crater lake on 21 December and carried out a series of bathymetric soundings along a profile from the S shoreline towards the island (table 2). Lava island stopped growth on 20 March; eruption over, Card 1380 (17 April 1972) Lava island stopped growth on 20 March; eruption over. Card 1366 (20 March 1972) J.B. Shepherd, Seismic Research Unit, University of the West Indies. The temperature was 40C on 15 May, 41C on 18 May, 40C on 22 May, and 41C on 25 May. With the exception of a 20-minute period of tremor during the night of 29-30 April, the volcano has remained seismically quiet through early 3 May. Soufrire St. Vincent is monitored by the SRC assisted by the Soufrire Monitoring Unit (SMU) from the Ministry of Agriculture in Kingstown. Observations. Analyses showed that the new 2020/21 lava dome was basaltic andesite, similar in composition to the earlier domes (figure 17). This drop can be accounted for entirely by evaporation and there is no evidence of leakage through the crater wall. Steam from the dome was visible from Belmont Observatory through 4 January. Max VEI: 4, 1979 Apr 13 - 1979 Oct 26 5 days The Alert Level was raised to Red at around 1830, and the Prime Minister issued an evacuation order for the Red Zone at the N part of the island, affecting 16,000-20,000 people. Max VEI: 0, 1718 Mar 26 (?) La Soufrire, a stratovolcano on the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, began an effusive eruption on 27 December 2020. The island has now reached a height of 120 feet above water level and continues to grow in area as new lava spreads laterally in the lake. Limage actuelle de la camra disponible sur le site Internet extrieur. The Dust Veil Index for the 1902 eruption of Soufrire was calculated at 300; the Krakatau 1883 eruption = 1,000. University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC) reported that eruptive activity at Soufrire St. Vincent (often simply referred to as La Soufriere) was relatively low during 21-27 April with the exception of one explosive period. Sorrento - Mount Ves. Rockfalls continue to be frequent. Measurements during 11-13 April showed similar results of 0.4-0.6 Tg SO2 depending on altitude. Confirmed Eruption, 2135 BCE 50 years Courtesy of the Seismic Research Unit. A change in character of an eruption like this is not uncommon. Though the initial explosion at 0840 showed relatively minor SO2 emissions, stronger, continuous ash and SO2 emissions began later on 9 April (at 1445) and continued into the next day, transitioning into discrete explosive events that continued a least through 14 April. The explosions at La Soufriere were recorded by infrasound (low frequency) on Guadelope, almost 200 miles (300 kilometers) away. Were the Soufrire eruption to enter an explosive phase, this would be preceded by major changes in seismic activity and other observable phenomena for at least one or two days. En cliquant sur ce bouton, vous acceptez nos. Interactive online tool to view volcano webcams and live seismic recordings side-by-side online. Card 1366 (20 March 1972) Crater observations, 29 February-12 March. Geotherm. Le Friant A, Boudon G, Arnulf A, Robertson R E A, 2009. "I have a report that there has been some leakage or seepage at the flank of the cone of the crater lake waters. Save up to 40% off the cover price when you subscribe to Discover magazine. Sulfur dioxide emissions were 461 tons per day on 20 May. Saint Lucia Webcams in Caribbean Islands - Live Beaches Webcams in St Lucia Webcams - Caribbean Islands Anguilla (9) Antigua & Barbuda (7) Aruba (13) Bahamas (12) Barbados (13) Belize (9) Bermuda (9) British Virgin Islands (10) Cancun (18) Cayman Islands (9) Cozumel (10) Cuba (3) Curacao (8) Dominica (3) Dominican Republic (14) Grenada (4) The lava dome continued to grow to the N and S during April, accompanied by small earthquakes and gas-and-steam emissions rising both from the top of the dome and along the contact with the pre-existing 1979 dome. Beginning around 3 May 1979 another lava dome began to form in the main crater (SEAN 04:05; Shepherd et al., 1979) that continued to grow until the end of October 1979, expanding to 850 m in diameter and 120 m high (SEAN 04:11; Cole et al., 2019). Four additional seismometers were installed, strengthening the seismic network. Tephra is a lot less dense than dense rock: you get a larger volume out than fits in the hole. Information Contacts: R. Fiske, SI; H. Sigurdsson, Univ. SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico An explosive eruption rocked La Soufriere volcano on the eastern Caribbean island of St. Vincent on Friday after the government ordered thousands to evacuate their homes. The lake level has been dropping; it dropped a couple of feet in the last three days. Information Contacts: J. Tomblin, W. Aspinall, K. Rowley, and J. Shepherd, UWI; A. Kreuger and R. LaPorte, NOAA; M. McCormick, NASA LaRC; F. Mauk, Univ. A few small daily earthquakes were recorded. Almost constant swarms of long-period and hybrid events were recorded through the day, punctuated by three brief episodes (less than 30 minutes) of low-level tremor. The period of tremor lasted until about 2100 and was followed by ongoing small LP and hybrid events. Seismic data are transmitted from field sites to the Belmont Observatory (9 km SSW), which is operated by the SMU. We therefore expect that as the present eruption proceeds, lavas with progressively lower silica content will be erupted. Connectez-vous pour que votre commentaire soit visible tout de suite. Weather radar, wind and waves forecast for kiters, surfers, paragliders, pilots, sailors and anyone else. Sparks, R.S.J., and Wilson, L., 1982, Explosive volcanic eruptions - V. Observations of plume dynamics during the Soufrire eruption, St. Vincent: Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, v. 69, p. 551-570. And a larger. to the east from the island towards Barbados and has reached 20,000 feet. Max VEI: 1, 1812 Apr 27 - 1812 Jun 9 (?) Loose rocks continue to crumble off the slopes, thus narrowing the peaks and forming more lateral spread towards the base of the island. A spike in seismicity was recorded during June-July 2019 (figure 5), though no cause was reported. Analysis of satellite imagery by UWI-SRC indicated that the explosions that began on 9 April destroyed the pre-existing 1979 and 2020-21 lava domes and created a crater 800 m in diameter. Worldwide animated weather map, with easy to use layers and precise spot forecast. Naples - Mount Vesuv. "There have been no volcanic explosions, or any emission of steam or gases, and all that has happened since 31 October is the extrusion of a very viscous dome-forming lava onto the floor of the crater. Table 1. info@greenfigresort.com reservations@greenfigresort.com Tel. An explosive eruption began at 0840 on 9 April when an ash plume rose to 8 km (27,900 ft) a.s.l. of Michigan; R. Fiske, SI. Much of the northern end of the island was devastated by a major eruption in 1902 that coincided with the catastrophic Mont Pele eruption on Martinique. Confirmed Eruption, 2200 BCE 150 years An episode of tremor that began at 1135 was associated with increased explosive activity, though the emissions were gas rich and less energetic than previous events. A period of high tremor began at 1649 on 18 April. The first explosive activity was observed at dawn (about 0500) on 13 April. SRC collected rock samples from the new lava dome and sent them to scientists from the University of East Anglia, University of Plymouth, and University of Oxford on 16 January 2021 as a collaborative project to analyze their composition and compare them with the composition of rocks erupted in 1902, 1971, and 1979. Gas-and-steam continued to rise from the top of the dome as well as along the contact of the old and new domes. The situation in the crater remains the same as it has been for more than a month. This was the 30th distinct explosion since the explosive phase began. Frequent explosive eruptions after about 4,300 years ago produced pyroclastic deposits of the Yellow Tephra Formation, which cover much of the island. Smaller lahars were recorded during the mornings of 30 April and 1 May. The condition was first noted by a pilot who flew over Soufrire on 31 October. As a result, the Volcanic Alert Level (VAL) was raised to Red (the highest level on a four-color scale) at 1830 and the Prime Minister issued an evacuation order for communities in the Red Zone at the N end of the island, affecting 16,000-20,000 people. The sulfur smell is unusual since the wind direction is such that most of the smell from the fumaroles at the summit of the volcano gets blown out to sea and is usually only smelt by a few residents on the eastern flank of the volcano. . The rate of rise of the island has slowed down, and the major growth is now lateral by very slow extension of blocky lava lobes and ridges radiating from the central region. Scientists at NCAR, Kyushu University, and other institutions, will search at higher latitudes for stratospheric aerosols from this event. During the August survey, some pulsing steam emission took place, mostly at the S edge of the lava, but no explosions were observed. UWI Seismic Research Centre and National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO) lowered the Alert Level for Soufrire St. Vincent to Green (the lowest level on a four-color scale) on 16 March, noting that seismic and fumarolic activity were at or below background levels recorded prior to the 2020-2021 eruption. The level of the water in the crater lake has dropped 3.1 m since 3 November. Information Contacts: University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC), University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago, West Indies (URL: http://www.uwiseismic.com/); National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO), Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Bise, PO. The drop in lake level has accelerated slightly in this period and is now approximately 1 foot 6 inches every 24 hours. Work on the construction of a tiltmeter station at Orange Hill is now completed. Gas-and-steam continued to rise from the top of the dome as well as along the contact between the old and new domes. A small lava dome with fresh magma emerged at the base of the existing dome in the crater of the La Soufriere volcano in St. Vincent on Wednesday. The fact that many of these populated islands are dominated by volcanoes means they can be especially perilous when these volcanoes rumble back to life. Max VEI: 3, 1971 Oct 4 6 days - 1972 Mar 20 The Alert Level remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Overnight during 10-11 April ash again fell island-wide, and also in the Grenadines (to the SSW), Barbados, and Saint Lucia (50 km NNE). The temperature was 46C on 7 May and 41C on 11 May. The lava dome in the main crater continued to grow during March, expanding to the N, NW, S, and SE. Many of the evacuees were. Explosivity or notable ash venting coincided with the episodes; the spacing between explosive events increased. Information gained since our last report gives grounds for optimism with regards to events in the Soufrire and we consider that the probability of a violent eruption is decreasing. throughout the day. Five long-period earthquakes and two brief swarms of VT events occurred in between the tremor episodes; ash venting occurred with the last episode. Continuous harmonic tremor began to build an hour later, and within 2 hours was saturating the seismometers. Heavy steaming in the crater limited visibility. The island height is unchanging; loose material on the island is being washed into the lake by the rains, revealing the structure of the lave mass. METAR, TAF and NOTAMs for any airport in the World. The seismic station at Bamboo Range recorded a lahar on 20 April at 0400 which lasted about 30 minutes and may have descended a SE-flank valley. Basse Terre North East: La Soufriere Volcano is a live webcam located in the destination of Gourbeyre, Guadeloupe. There is data available for 3 deformation periods. Activity during April 2021. The Alert Level remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). According to a news article, residents of the island of St.Vincent reported smelling sulfur in towns as far S as Kingstown. Widespread sulfurous odors and haze during mid-February 2005 on the island of St. Vincent and as far as the Grenadines (50-75 km S) led some people to conclude that the smells reflected increased output of volcanic gases from the Soufrire volcano, St. Vincent, a possible harbinger of an eruption. On 6 May government authorities lowered the Alert Level to Orange for Soufrire St. Vincent (often simply referred to as La Soufriere) based on recommendations from University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC). Observations made during a field visit on 5 January, during a helicopter overflight on 6 January, and based on 9 January drone video noted that the new dome was expanding to the W on the WSW edge of the 1979 lava dome and continued to gradually grow through February 2021 (figure 10). Further References. Remaining gas and steam plumes and lahars will be monitored remotely from its base in Trinidad and Tobago. Dozens of individuals have been . However the extrusion rate has decreased during the past 3 months, as shown in table 7. Chris Brandis/AP. Magmagenesis at Soufriere volcano, St Vincent, Lesser Antilles Arc. During 15-17 January residents to the W of the volcano reported nighttime crater incandescence. Most of the later explosions were preceded by brief periods (up to 3 hours) of seismic quiet. Aspinall, Seismic Research Unit, University of the West Indies. Lava extrusion continued from the same vent that produced the 1971 dome and the 1979 explosions. Volcanoes of the eastern Caribbean: past activity and future hazards. Between 10-20 such events are currently occurring per day. Scientists observed damaged vegetation, likely caused by fire, on the NW part of the crater (just N of the dome). Virtually all of the recent expansion of the relatively fluid dome has been lateral rather than vertical. Aseismic lava extrusion persists; heavy rains generate large secondary mudflows. Webcam view of the lava dome at La Soufriere on St. Vincent on April 8, 2021. Credit: University of the West Indies. Small VT earthquakes were recorded around 1800. During that time the dome grew and expanded to the W, produced small, hot rockfalls, had a blocky appearance, and continued to emit gasses and steam. On 26 March the period of elevated VT earthquakes stopped; only small, low frequency events associated with the growth of the lava dome were recorded. By Robin George Andrews Published April 9, 2021 10 min read These three stations continue to record the tremors discussed above, and attributed to growth processes in the lava island. A report on 6 February stated that the dome continued to spread laterally N and S, with N as the dominant growth direction. His report was confirmed 1 November by a government official who flew over the crater in a small plane.". The Soufrire St. Vincent volcano's activity continues at decreasing values since the last explosive eruption on 22 April and all monitoring data indicate the end of the eruptive episode. In volcanic eruptions in general the most silica-rich products appear first, when the risk of violent eruptions and explosive activity is greatest. Gas emissions continued to damage vegetation in the summit area as well as on the SW flank. Continue with Recommended Cookies. Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. A single MODVOLC thermal alert was detected on 29 December. Ashfalls from most of the explosions were limited to a few centimeters in the N portion of St. Vincent, and small amounts on Barbados, ~150 km E. However, during the 22 April eruption (figure 2) abnormal winds dropped 4 mm of ash on Kingstown (the capital of St. Vincent), on the S end of the island. Source: University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC). The La Soufrire volcano first erupted on Friday, blanketing the island in a layer of ash and forcing more than 16,000 people to evacuate their homes. A chemical analysis of the lava collected on 13 December is now available and supports our former identification of a basaltic andesite, with a silica content of 55.3% and an overall composition virtually identical to the numerous basaltic andesite lavas of the Soufrire, which are the products of a quiet outpouring of lava from the crater. Many of these minor explosions dislodge rocks from the island which have been made unstable by general ridge expansion. The following report on the subject comes from SRU's Richard Robertson. The first two explosion clouds on 13 April were smaller, and the explosion reported at 0300 on 14 April produced no infrared signature. Loss of life was recorded in the 1812 and 1902-03 eruptions when 56 persons died in 1812 and over 1500 in 1902-03. University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC) and National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO) reported that the effusive eruption at Soufrire St. Vincent (often simply referred to as "La Soufriere") became explosive on 9 April after a period of increased seismicity, gas emission, and rapid dome growth. A few small explosions have taken place from the dome, but none were large enough to project material above the rim (about 300 m above the crater floor). On 1 January 2021 a new seismic station was installed at Georgetown, on 10 January one was installed in Owia, followed on 15 January by another on the upper S flank, station SSVA at the summit on 18 January, and in Fancy on 21 January. Scientists visited on 16 January and recorded temperatures of 590C at the dome surface (figure 12). A team from Guadeloupe's volcanological observatory measured a temperature of 239C from the fumaroles in late May, and collected samples from the dome. The Washington VAAC reported a new ash emission rising to 7.6 km altitude at 1850 that was associated with a thermal anomaly. Simon Carn noted that this makes the La Soufriere eruption the largest tropical SO2 emission since the 2011 Nabro eruption, and the largest in the Caribbean since satellite measurements began in 1979. Minor rockfalls continue to take place off the edges of the lava mass, but these are less frequent than in the past weeks as is also indicated by a slight decrease in the number of tremors recorded by the summit seismograph stations. Interactive online tool to view volcano webcams and live seismic recordings side-by-side online. Shepherd J B, 2001. Visual observations and timing of events and processes on the island have permitted correlation of some of the larger tremors with rockfall and lava creep. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales. 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